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针毛收获蚁[Messor aciculatus(F Smith)]觅食特性及其对荒漠植物种子密度和分布的影响

发表时间:2009-10-15  浏览量:1789  下载量:551
全部作者: 辛明,张大治,贺达汉
作者单位: 宁夏大学农学院;宁夏大学生命科学学院
摘 要: 针毛收获蚁[Messor aciculatus (F� Smith)]是西北荒漠地区典型的食种子蚂蚁种类之一。通过田间调查和室内饲养发现针毛收获蚁可取食植物种子27种,被收获的种子大小主要分布在1�20~2�50 mm之间,或者为有棱角、易于衔夹的种子。在自然条件下,穴巢附近环境中的植物种类及分布决定着蚂蚁收获的种子种类及数量。蚂蚁对种子的收集贮藏在一定程度上能影响种子的萌发力,特别是对一些一年生质量较轻的种子影响较大。蚂蚁觅食对土壤中种子库种子密度的影响因植物种类的不同而异,其中,对一年生的草本植物影响较大,从而影响到植物群落的组成和空间分布。
关 键 词: 昆虫学;针毛收获蚁;觅食特性;种子库;植被分布;荒漠草原
Title: Study on foraging patterns of Messor aciculatus(F. Smith)and its impact on seed densities and plant distribution in a desert steppe ecosystem
Author: XIN Ming,ZHANG Dazhi,HE Dahan
Organization: School of Agriculture, Ningxia University;School of Life Science, Ningxia University
Abstract: Messor aciculatus(F. Smith) is a dominant seed harvester ant in the desert steppe ecosystem of northwest China. The results from the house raising experiments and the field investigations showed that 27 kinds of plant seeds could be foraged by the ant. Among the seeds, those with sides of 1.20~2.50 mm and with edges and corners and easy to carry are most collected. In natural conditions the kinds of collected seeds and their composition in the nest depend on the number and distribution of the plants nearby the nest. The collection and storage by the ant influence germination capacity of the seeds, especially those annual seeds with light weight. The ant foraging directly affects the seed density in soil seed bank, and the degree is different according to different plant kinds, and the annual herb plants are most influenced. It is indirect effect mainly on the composition and spatial pattern of distribution for plant community.
Key words: entomology; Messor aciculatus; foraging pattern; seed bank; plant distribution; desert steppe ecosystem
发表期数: 2009年10月第19期
引用格式: 辛明,张大治,贺达汉. 针毛收获蚁[Messor aciculatus(F Smith)]觅食特性及其对荒漠植物种子密度和分布的影响[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文,2009,2(19):2044-2050.
 
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