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视网膜内的神经递质

发表时间:2013-03-15  浏览量:1421  下载量:695
全部作者: 罗佳,陈旦,周利红,黄菊芳,王慧
作者单位: 中南大学基础医学院
摘 要: 视网膜几乎含有大脑内所有的神经递质,主要包括以下几类:1) 氨基酸类,如谷氨酸(glutamate,Glu)、γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)、天冬氨酸、甘氨酸(glycine,Gly)、乙酰胆碱等;2) 单胺类,如多巴胺(dopamine,DA)、5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT);3) 肽类,如缩胆囊素、脑啡肽、高血糖素、神经紧张素、神经肽Y、生长抑素、P物质、血管活性肠肽;4) 还有其他一些调节剂,如NO、维甲酸、锌离子等。其中,Glu,GABA,Gly,DA和5-HT为视网膜内主要的神经递质,对维持视网膜正常功能起着非常重要的作用。文章对视网膜内主要神经递质的生物合成、代谢、功能及其在病理条件下的变化进行综述,为视网膜相关疾病的研究、治疗、诊断等提供一定的理论基础。
关 键 词: 神经生物学;视网膜;综述;神经递质
Title: Neurotransmitters in the retina
Author: LUO Jia, CHEN Dan, ZHOU Lihong, HUANG Jufang, WANG Hui
Organization: School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University
Abstract: The retina contains almost all the neurotransmitters in the brain, including: 1) amino acids neurotransmitters, such as glutamate (Glu), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), aspartate, glycine (Gly) and acetylcholine; 2) monoamine neurotransmitters, such as dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT); 3) peptide neurotransmitters, such as cholecystokinin, enkephalin, glucagon, neurotensin, neuropeptide Y, auxin, substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide; 4) some regulators, such as NO, retinoic acid and zinc ion. Among which, Gly, GABA, Gly, DA and 5-HT are regarded as the major neurotransmitters in retina, which play an inportant role on keeping the normal function of retina. This paper reviews the biosynthesis, metabolism, function and changes in pathological conditions of the major neurotransmitters in retina, which provides theoretical basis for the research, diagnosis and treatment of retina.
Key words: neurobiology; retina; review; neurotransmitters
发表期数: 2013年3月第5期
引用格式: 罗佳,陈旦,周利红,等. 视网膜内的神经递质[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文,2013,6(5):384-389.
 
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