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人类活动影响下三峡库区土壤侵蚀的空间分异——以奉节县为例

发表时间:2019-08-30  浏览量:1712  下载量:155
全部作者: 唐正宇,曾彪,杨太保,张富广,李博,许婉彤
作者单位: 兰州大学资源环境学院
摘 要: 三峡库区土壤侵蚀一直是水土保持研究的焦点,但关于人类活动对土壤侵蚀的影响研究较少。本文以奉节县为例,基于修正后的通用水土流失方程(revised universal soil loss equation,RUSLE)模型,考虑人类活动影响下植被变化趋势,结合地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)空间分析、多元回归分析和残差分析等方法,探索三峡库区人类活动对土壤侵蚀的影响。结果表明:1)土壤侵蚀现状以轻度为主,具有以长江干流为界,沿南北方向侵蚀程度变轻的分布趋势;而在模拟状态下,土壤侵蚀以中度为主,具有由东北向西南土壤侵蚀程度逐渐变重的分布趋势,且无剧烈侵蚀等级存在;2)在人类活动影响下,土壤侵蚀变化以改善为主,但加剧作用也较为明显;人类活动对土壤侵蚀呈现改善和加剧的两极化影响严重;3)人类活动对土壤侵蚀的影响与人口密度分布具有高度一致性,长江干流、草堂河流域及梅溪河部分区域,人口密度大,侵蚀程度强,人类活动以负向影响为主;4)在园地、耕地和林地中人类活动正向影响突出,改善了土壤侵蚀状况;而在草地、采矿用地和裸地,人类活动以负向影响作用为主,土壤侵蚀加剧,因此针对不同用地类型,迅速开展适当的土壤侵蚀防治工作迫在眉睫。
关 键 词: 地理学;土壤侵蚀;通用水土流失方程;人类活动;空间分布;土地利用类型
Title: Spatial variation of soil erosion under the influence of human activities in the Three Gorges Reservoir area: a case study of Fengjie county
Author: TANG Zhengyu, ZENG Biao, YANG Taibao, ZHANG Fuguang, LI Bo, XU Wantong
Organization: College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University
Abstract: Soil erosion in the Three Gorges Reservoir area has been the topic of soil and water conservation research. However, research focused on the impact of human activities on soil erosion is rare. Taking Fengjie county for example in this paper, the change trend of vegetation under the impact of human activities is considered based on revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) model, combined with geographic information system (GIS) spatial analysis, multivariate regression analysis and residual analysis, the influence of human activities on soil erosion is explored in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. The results are as followings: 1) Real soil erosion is mainly mild. The soil erosion degree gradually become lighter along the north-south direction taking the Yangtze river as the boundary. But model soil erosion is mainly moderate in a simulated state. The distribution trend of soil erosion from northeast to southwest is increasing, and there is no violent soil erosion grade. 2) Soil erosion change is mainly improvement under the influence of human activities, but the aggravation effect is also obvious. 3) The effects of human activities on soil erosion are highly consistent with the distribution of population density in Yangtze river, Caotang river basin and part of Meixi river. The population density is higher, the erosion degree is stronger, and the human activity is mainly negative influence. 4) The positive influence of human activity is prominent in garden land, cultivated land and forest land, which improves the soil erosion situation. While the negative effects of human activities is mainly in the grassland, mining land and bare land, which aggravates the soil erosion situation. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out appropriate works of soil and water conservation according to different land types.
Key words: geography; soil erosion; revised universal soil loss equation; human activities; spatial distribution; land use types
发表期数: 2019年8月第4期
引用格式: 唐正宇,曾彪,杨太保,等. 人类活动影响下三峡库区土壤侵蚀的空间分异——以奉节县为例[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文,2019,12(4):683-696.
 
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