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人参属不同栽培居群内转录间隔区（ITS） 遗传多样性分析
发表时间：2020-10-10 浏览量：1272 下载量：182
| 全部作者： | 刘伟，孔德英，廖芳，任瑞花，冯洁，黄靖媛，李关荣 |
| 作者单位： | 西南大学农学与生物科技学院；重庆海关技术中心；天津海关动植物与食品检测中心 |
| 摘 要： | 为建立快速分子鉴别人参属栽培居群的方法，确定其亲缘关系，本研究对人参属34个栽培居群的核糖体DNA（ribosome DNA，rDNA）内转录间隔区（internal transcribed spacer，ITS）片段进行了PCR扩增、测序、多重比对及遗传多样性分析，并构建了人参属居群的系统发育树。结果表明，人参和西洋参5.8S区分别为162 bp和160 bp，且ITS1、5.8S区和ITS2均存在人参和西洋参的分子鉴别指纹。人参与西洋参单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism，SNP）位点主要集中分布在4个位点上，人参为(ITS1) A143--- (5.8S) A/G262--- (ITS2) C441--- (ITS2) T452，而西洋参为(ITS1) C143--- (5.8S) G262 --- (ITS2) T441 --- (ITS2) C452. 基于人参和西洋参的ITS2序列可将西洋参完全聚为一小支，且将高丽参、林下参和园参区分成两个分离小支；所有29个人参居群的ITS2序列聚类，可将大部分的园参聚在一起，说明在种内人参与园参的亲缘关系较远。本研究为快速鉴定人参属的人参和西洋参提供了新方法，为人参属植物亲缘关系的进一步研究奠定了基础。 |
| 关 键 词： | 分子生物学；内转录间隔（ITS）；快速分子鉴定；人参属；遗传多样性 |
| Title： | Genetic diversity analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the cultivated populations of Panax |
| Author： | LIU Wei, KONG Deying, LIAO Fang, REN Ruihua, FENG Jie, HUANG Jingyuan, LI Guanrong |
| Organization： | College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University; Technology Center, Chongqing Customs; Animal, Plant and Foodstuff Inspection Center, Tianjin Customs |
| Abstract： | In order to establish a rapid molecular identification method for the cultivated populations of Panax and get an insight into its genetic relationship, the ribosome DNA (rDNA) internal transcribed spacers (ITSs) of the collected 34 cultivated populations of Panax were PCR amplified, sequenced, multi-aligned, the genetic diversity analyzed, and the phylogenetic trees were constructed. The results showed that the 5.8S regions of the P. ginseng C.A Meyer and P. quinquefolium were 162 bp and 160 bp respectively, the discriminating fingerprints occurring in ITS1, 5.8S and ITS2 regions could be used for the molecular identification of P. ginseng and P. quinquefolium. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites of P. ginseng and P. quinquefolium were intensively distributed in four nucleotide sites: (ITS1) A143--- (5.8S) A/G262--- (ITS2) C441--- (ITS2) T452 for P. ginseng, and (ITS1) C143 --- (5.8S) G262--- (ITS2) T441--- (ITS2) C452 for P. quinquefolium. Phylogenetic tree based on ITS2 regions showed that all the P. quinquefolium populations exclusively clustered in one clade. All the Korean ginseng, and the wild ginseng together with the garden ginseng, clustered in two separate clades. The phylogenetic tree based on all the 29 cultivated populations of P. ginseng showed that most of the garden ginseng clustered together, indicating that there is some intraspecific distance between the garden ginseng and ginseng populations. This research provided a novel method for the rapid identification of P. ginseng and P. quinquefolium, and laid a foundation for further research on the genetic relationship within the genus Panax. |
| Key words： | molecular biology; internal transcribed spacer (ITS); rapid molecular identification; Panax; genetic diversity |
| 发表期数： | 2020年9月第3期 |
| 引用格式： | 刘伟，孔德英，廖芳，等. 人参属不同栽培居群内转录间隔区（ITS） 遗传多样性分析[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文，2020，13（3）：281-291. |
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