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大豆重迎茬减产的原因及农艺对策研究——重迎茬大豆的共生固氮
发表时间：2010-09-30 浏览量：1794 下载量：842
| 全部作者： | 何志鸿，许艳丽，刘忠堂，韩晓增，何雪莹 |
| 作者单位： | 黑龙江省科技厅；国家大豆工程技术研究中心；中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所；黑龙江省农业科学院 |
| 摘 要： | 通过连续8年在黑龙江省6个生态区、9个固定轮作场圃综合试验、试验区专项研究和框区、盆栽试验，实验室分析以及大量的大面积生产调查，研究重迎茬年限以及大豆根茬腐解物、土壤微生物等根际环境对重迎茬大豆共生固氮的影响。分析了共生固氮体系与大豆植株氮素的分布，根瘤数量、重量与重迎茬大豆产量的相关关系，探讨了增施氮肥、保护性施氮、应用抗生菌剂、采取耕作措施以及几种主要调控措施单独应用和联合应用对于重迎茬大豆共生固氮的影响，发现大豆重迎茬种植受根际生态环境变化的影响，共生固氮菌数量减少、共生固氮能力降低，对重迎茬大豆的生长发育和产量有一定的不利影响，也是造成大豆重迎茬减产的一个原因，采取相应的农艺措施，可以增加结瘤数量和根瘤活性，收到增瘤增产的效果。 |
| 关 键 词： | 农艺学；作物栽培；大豆重迎茬；共生固氮 |
| Title： | Study on the reason reducing production of soybeans planted continuously and the way to get more output: symbiotic nitrogen fixation of soybeans planted continuously and alternately |
| Author： | HE Zhihong, XU Yanli, LIU Zhongtang, HAN Xiaozeng, HE Xueying |
| Organization： | Science and Technology Department of Heilongjiang Province; National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Techniques; Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences |
| Abstract： | The experiments had been carried out by 8 years in 9 rotation nurses with 9 plots and series of field experiments in 6 ecological regions of Heilongjiang province since 1993. In the same time, the investigation was made in soybean fields. The factors to effect on symbiotic nitrogen fixation were studied, such as number of years, by which soybeans were planted continuously, and rhizosphere microecology, in which stubble decomposing and microorganism of rhizosphere soil were included. Also, symbiotic association, distribution of nitrogen in soybean plants and the relationship between nodule number, weight and yield of soybean planted continuously were studied and analysed. It was investigated to apply nitrogen fertilizer and protection of nitrogen, to use antibiotic agents,and to take farming measures. In the same time, it was studied that application effect of several major adjustment measures alone and combinatively on symbiotic nitrogen fixation of soybean planted continuously and alternately. The result showed that the number of nodules and the ability of nitrogen fixation of soybeans planted continuously and alternately were reduced. It is one of the reasons to reduce growing and developing and to reduce yield of continuous soybeans. |
| Key words： | agronomy; crop cultivation; soybean planted continuously and alternately; symbiotic nitrogen fixation |
| 发表期数： | 2010年9月第18期 |
| 引用格式： | 何志鸿，许艳丽，刘忠堂，等. 大豆重迎茬减产的原因及农艺对策研究——重迎茬大豆的共生固氮[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文，2010，3（18）：1853-1861. |
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