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利用低温核供热的创新技术应对减排和气候变化
发表时间：2008-02-28 浏览量：2636 下载量：1059
| 全部作者： | 田嘉夫，赵兆颐，曹栋兴 |
| 作者单位： | 清华大学核能技术设计研究院；清华大学工程物理系 |
| 摘 要： | 煤炭是我国主要的能源，也常常是供热系统负担得起费用的能源。在市内，大量燃煤造成了严重的环境污染，而且煤炭还是温室气体的强排放能源。为适应人口密集、建筑集中的情况，我国已经建成和正在建设很多集中供热系统。至2005年，全国集中供热的建筑面积达到25亿平方米，消耗煤炭1.5亿吨，排放温室气体大约2.5亿吨。为减轻地区环境污染以及应对减排和气候变化，需要转变能源结构。核能替代煤炭是最有效的应对措施之一，因为核能能够满足较大规模、连续可靠提供热能的要求。但这需要开发创新型供热反应堆，应该比现有的供热堆设计更安全、更可靠和更经济。而且能够在经济上与常规区域供热能源相竞争。本文介绍了为这种应用而设计的一种新型低温供热堆。 |
| 关 键 词： | 裂变堆工程技术；深水池供热堆； 低温核供热；温室气体排放；气候变化；海水淡化 |
| Title： | A innovative technology of the nuclear heating for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and addressing climate changes |
| Author： | TIAN Jiafu, ZHAO Zhaoyi, CAO Dongxing |
| Organization： | Institute of nuclear energy technology；Engineering physics department, Tsinghua University |
| Abstract： | The energy of the heating systems is dominated by coal, which is cheap and often the only affordable option in China. The direct burning of coal within cities results in local serious pollution. Coal is carbon intensive sources emitted a mass of greenhouse gas. The many district heating systems have already been constructed or are under construction since they are most suitable for dense population and concentrated buildings. These systems supply heat for the floor area of 2 500 million sq meters and consume up to 150 million tons of coal as well as produce about 250 million tons of greenhouse gas in whole country by the year 2005. Converting energy structure is needed for alleviating local pollution, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and addressing global climate change. One of the effective alternative solutions is substituting coal by nuclear energy, which is well suited to meeting the demand for continuous, reliable heating supply on a large scale. However, it is necessary to develop innovative reactor concepts which should be much more safe, reliable and economical than the existing heating reactor design. Moreover, it should be competitive economically with the conventional energy for district heating. This paper introduces a novel heating reactor design for low-temperature heat supply. |
| Key words： | fission reactor engineering technology; deep pool reactor for district heating; low-temperature nuclear heating; greenhouse gas emissions; climate change; seawater desalination |
| 发表期数： | 2008年6月第4期 |
| 引用格式： | 田嘉夫，赵兆颐，曹栋兴. 利用低温核供热的创新技术应对减排和气候变化[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文，2008，1（4）：367-371. |
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