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自闭症儿童对社会化场景的视觉观察
发表时间：2016-02-15 浏览量：2131 下载量：929
| 全部作者： | 张颖，孙宇浩，王哲 |
| 作者单位： | 浙江理工大学理学院 |
| 摘 要： | 对社会化场景进行细分，集中考察学龄前自闭症（autism spectrum disorder，ASD）儿童及对照组的正常发育（typically developing，TD）儿童，在扫描包含同龄幼儿熟悉的社会化场景时的视觉扫描模式，据此分析ASD儿童与TD儿童的相同和不同之处。实验中给TD儿童和ASD儿童呈现社交场景，采用被动观看任务（passive viewing task），借助眼动仪记录TD儿童和ASD儿童观看图片中的场景和面孔时各自眼动扫描模式。结果发现：1）ASD儿童没有像TD儿童一样表现出对面孔区域的注视偏好，而是对面孔区域和身体区域不做区分，投放同等的注视，面孔区域对于TD儿童而言，已经成为了一个类似“专家区域”的深度加工区，但是ASD儿童没有建立起同样的专家化技能；2）对照组儿童能够减少对“看别人”面孔的注视时间比率，增加对“有别人看”面孔的注视时间比率，表现出正常的联合注意能力，但是ASD儿童能够减少对“看别人”面孔的注视时间比率，没有增加对“有别人看”面孔的注视时间比率，表现出有能力知觉别人的视线但没有表现出对目标物体的追随。 |
| 关 键 词： | 应用心理学；自闭症；社会化场景；眼动 |
| Title： | Autism spectrum disorder children’s visual observation in socialized scenes |
| Author： | ZHANG Ying, SUN Yuhao, WANG Zhe |
| Organization： | School of Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University |
| Abstract： | This paper distinguished the different state of social scene, focusing on comparing visual scanning pattern in familiar social scenes with familiar own-age children between the preschool children group with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the control group of typically developing children. The study provides children in one of four different social status to find out the differences and similarities of children between the two groups when scanning social scenes. The results showed that: 1) ASD children didn’t show face preference like the control, they didn’t distinguish faces from bodies. Face has become a deep processing area like “expertise area” for the control while ASD children failed to get the same expertise skills; 2) The control spent less time on looking at others while more time on the faces looked by others, they showed normal joint attention ability. However ASD children had decreased time on looking at others’s face while failed to increase time on faces looked by others, they have the ability to detect gaze sight but failed to show following to target object. |
| Key words： | applied psychology; autism spectrum disorder; social scenes; eye-tracking |
| 发表期数： | 2016年2月第3期 |
| 引用格式： | 张颖，孙宇浩，王哲. 自闭症儿童对社会化场景的视觉观察[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文，2016，9（3）：235-243. |
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