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控失肥与常规化肥对夏玉米生长发育与产量的影响研究
发表时间：2016-05-15 浏览量：1924 下载量：567
| 全部作者： | 蒋 迁，李 磊，张凤路，王聚辉，袁柳柳，吴瑞娟 |
| 作者单位： | 河北农业大学农学院 |
| 摘 要： | 以玉米杂交种郑单958为材料，比较研究了控失肥和普通化肥对玉米干物质累积与分配、叶面积、叶片光合性能、茎杆性状和产量的影响。结果表明：在施入相同养分含量（N 144 kg/hm2，P2O5 72 kg/hm2, K2O 72 kg/hm2）的控失肥和普通肥料后，玉米生长发育、干物质积累和分配及玉米产量均发生了显著差异，控失肥处理显著优于普通肥料。与普通肥料相比，控失肥可分别提高玉米千粒重、干物质和产量的12.3%，12.8%和6.9%；控失肥处理提高了玉米灌浆期叶面积指数和叶片叶绿素相对含量（soil and plant analyzer develotrnent，SPAD），蜡熟期光合强度提高26.5%. 同时，控失肥处理增加基部茎杆粗度和抗穿刺能力，抗倒伏性大为提高。控失肥作为一种新型肥料将对提高玉米产量、提高施肥效益和保护资源环境起到重要作用。 |
| 关 键 词： | 作物栽培学；玉米；控失肥；干物质积累与分配；产量；植株形态 |
| Title： | Studies on the effects of controlled loss and conventional fertilizer on growth and development and yield of summer maize |
| Author： | JIANG Qian, LI Lei, ZHANG Fenglu, WANG Juhui, YUAN Liuliu, WU Ruijuan |
| Organization： | College of Agronomy, Agricultural University of Hebei |
| Abstract： | The effects of controlled loss and ordinary fertilizer on dry matter accumulation and partitioning, leaf areas, leaf photosynthetic rate, stalk characters and grain yield were studied using maize hybrid Zhengdan 958 as material. The results showed that with the same nutrient amount (N 144 kg/hm2, P2O5 72 kg/hm2, K2O 72 kg/hm2) of controlled-loss and ordinary fertilizer applied, there were significant difference in growth and development, dry matter accumulation and partitioning, and maize yield. The effect of controlled loss fertilizer treatment was significantly better than that of ordinary fertilizer. Compared with ordinary fertilizer, the 1 000 grain weight, dry matter and yield of maize of controlled loss fertilizer could be increased by 12.3%, 12.8% and 6.9%, respectively. The leaf area index and soil and plant analyzer develotrnent (SPAD) value were increased significantly during grain filing stage and the photosynthetic rate increased 26.5% at dough stage for controlled loss fertilizer treatment. At the same time, the basal inter-node thickness and fracture resistance were increased, so the loading resistance ability was enhanced. As a new type of fertilizer, controlled loss fertilizer will play an important role in improving the yield of maize, increasing the efficiency of fertilization and protecting the environment. |
| Key words： | crop cultivation; maize; controlled loss fertilizer; dry matter accumulation and partitioning; yield; plant morphology |
| 发表期数： | 2016年5月第9期 |
| 引用格式： | 蒋 迁，李 磊，张凤路，等. 控失肥与常规化肥对夏玉米生长发育与产量的影响研究[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文，2016，9（9）：909-915. |
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