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静电场内介质和导体受力研究
发表时间：2017-04-14 浏览量：1867 下载量：462
| 全部作者： | 刘静 |
| 作者单位： | 国防科技大学光电科学与工程学院 |
| 摘 要： | 详细讨论介质在连接外电源和孤立电容器两种情况下的受力分析，以及孤立带电导体球对球外点电荷的作用力求解等典型模型，分别利用虚位移法和电像法等手段给出作用力的解析表达式。在此基础上通过两个模型之间的定量和定性比较分析，揭示介质在静电场中会发生极化，导体在静电场中会发生静电感应，静电场对极化电荷和感应电荷的作用均表现为吸引力的物理本质。为经典电动力学课程开展研究型教学，引导学生重视模型之间的联系与比较，透过模型探索物理思想和追求物理本质提供了《电动力学》例题环节的教学实践示范。 |
| 关 键 词： | 电磁学；静电力；电动力学；研究型教学 |
| Title： | Analysis on electrostatic force of dielectric and conductor |
| Author： | LIU Jing |
| Organization： | College of Optoelectric Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology |
| Abstract： | In this paper, we discussed the electrostatic force of the dielectrics in capacitor both when it is connected with the power supply and when it is isolated, as well as the electrostatic force solving model on the point charge placed by the near charged isolated conductor sphere, in detail. Formulas for these electrostatic forces are given by the virtual displacement method and the method of images, respectively. Through these calculations, the physical essence is revealed. That is the dielectric polarization and the electrostatic induction, caused the attractive force on dielectrics and conductors, respectively, by the electrostatic field. This gives a demonstration for guiding undergraduates to pay attention to the connection and comparison between models explore the physical ideas and to pursue the physical essences in the practice of research-based teaching for Electrodynamics. |
| Key words： | electromagnetism; electrostatic force; electrodynamics; research-based teaching |
| 发表期数： | 2017年4月第7期 |
| 引用格式： | 刘静. 静电场内介质和导体受力研究[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文，2017，10（7）：759-763. |
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