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干旱胁迫下钾对玉米幼苗生长的影响及其机理
发表时间：2018-05-15 浏览量：1402 下载量：390
| 全部作者： | 吕晓康，刘杨，廖允成 |
| 作者单位： | 西北农林科技大学农学院 |
| 摘 要： | 选用郑单958和浚单20两个玉米品种，在玉米苗期采用15%（质量/体积）PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫，设置不同的钾浓度，测定在不同处理下玉米生长指标、内源激素含量和抗氧化酶活性的变化，分析干旱胁迫下钾对玉米幼苗生长的影响及其与内源激素和抗氧化酶的关系。结果表明，在水分正常的情况下，钾对玉米生长的影响不显著，而在干旱胁迫下显著促进了玉米生长，提高了玉米的抗旱性。对内源激素和抗氧化酶的分析表明，干旱胁迫下玉米内源生长素（indole-3-acetic acid，IAA）、赤霉素（gibberellin acid，GA）、玉米素核苷（zeatin riboside，ZR）含量显著低于水分正常处理，而脱落酸（abscisic acid，ABA）含量则显著高于水分正常处理，干旱胁迫下外源钾显著提高了内源IAA、ABA 和ZR含量。除此之外，干旱胁迫显著提高了丙二醛（malondialdehyde，MDA）含量，而超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）活性呈先增后降的趋势；高钾处理降低了MDA含量，而干旱胁迫处理前期高钾处理能提高SOD活性。综上，干旱胁迫下，钾通过提高植物内源ABA、IAA和ZR含量以及SOD活性缓解干旱胁迫对质膜的破坏作用，从而缓解干旱胁迫对玉米幼苗生长的抑制作用。 |
| 关 键 词： | 作物栽培学；干旱；钾；玉米；内源激素；抗氧化酶活性 |
| Title： | Effect and its mechanism of potassium on the growth of maize (Zea mays L.) seedling under draught stress |
| Author： | LÜ Xiaokang, LIU Yang, LIAO Yuncheng |
| Organization： | College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University |
| Abstract： | To analyze the effect of potassium on the growth of maize seedling and the relationship between seedling growth and plant hormones or anti oxidases, two cultivars, Zhengdan 958 and Jundan 20, were planted under draught stress conditions with 15% (w/v) PEG-6000 simulation. Different levels of potassium concentration were designed. Seedling growth status and endogenous hormone contents in plant or anti oxidase activities were tested in this study. The results showed that potassium had no significant effect on the growth of maize under normal water conditions, but under drought stress potassium significantly promoted maize growth and enhanced its drought resistance. Analysis of endogenous hormone and anti oxidase showed that endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin acid (GA) and zeatin riboside (ZR) contents of maize under drought stress were significantly lower than those of normal water treatment, but the abscisic acid (ABA) content was significantly higher than that of normal water treatment. External potassium treatment significantly promoted the IAA, ZR and ABA contents in maize. Besides, drought stress significantly increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in plants and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activiity presented an increase at first and then a decreasing trend. High potassium treatment decreases the MDA content, but it increases the SOD activity in the early stage of drought stress. It was summarised that the potassium through regulating the ABA, IAA, ZR contants, SOD activity to release the destruction of drought on plasma membrane, and the inhibit effect of drought on maize seedling growth. |
| Key words： | crop cultivation; drought; potassium; maize; hormones; antioxidant enzymes activity |
| 发表期数： | 2018年5月第9期 |
| 引用格式： | 吕晓康，刘杨，廖允成. 干旱胁迫下钾对玉米幼苗生长的影响及其机理[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文，2018，11（9）：892-899. |
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