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鄱阳湖南矶湿地蜘蛛及其昆虫猎物多样性季节变化与群落功能分析
发表时间：2024-03-29 浏览量：281 下载量：65
| 全部作者： | 陈连水，袁凤辉，饶军，张针针，周雅珍 |
| 作者单位： | 东华理工大学化学生物与材料科学学院 |
| 摘 要： | 研究旨在探讨蜘蛛及其昆虫猎物对湿地生态系统结构的稳定性及能量与物质循环的指示作用，为鄱阳湖南矶湿地国家级自然保护区生物多样性的保护与利用提供参考。结合景观生态原理，采用群落样点设置与观察、关联标本采集与鉴定等生态定量调查及多样性分析方法。本次调查共采得蜘蛛16科50属73种，得到的结论如下：1）群落结构与功能分析表明，南矶灌丛为蜘蛛繁育发生提供了庇护所，充当蛛库；南矶草甸是蜘蛛捕食行为实战与演化的平台，南矶林地是各类蜘蛛限时汇聚、适时飞航的踏板；在春夏季，南矶草甸中的水生或地栖昆虫是蜘蛛的主要偏好猎物或潜在捕食对象，进入秋冬季，南矶灌丛或林地成为不常见昆虫的汇集地；它们分别主导着南矶蜘蛛及其昆虫猎物群落丰富度、优势度、多样性和均匀度的高低起伏。2）聚类分析表明，南矶湿地各蜘蛛群落间的交流频率与连续性程度受地域异质性和空间距离的限制较为明显，群落类型的内聚作用和发散功能稳定；各昆虫猎物群落间的交流频率与连续性程度受时域同质化和季节物候的影响较为明显，群落类型的边缘差异与斑块功能稳定。3）相关分析表明，蜘蛛及其昆虫猎物群落在春夏季、秋冬季和总体上的各项多样性指数互有关联，且部分时空指数存在交错相关现象，地域与季节性温湿度等物候条件的变化是其主要驱动力。蜘蛛和昆虫是食物链中两个重要的中间环节，它们共同维持着南矶湿地生态系统的运转和平衡。 |
| 关 键 词： | 动物学；南矶湿地；蜘蛛；昆虫猎物；多样性；季节变化；群落功能 |
| Title： | Seasonal change and community function of diversity of spiders and their insect prey in the Poyang Lake Nanji Wetland National Nature Reserve |
| Author： | CHEN Lianshui, YUAN Fenghui, RAO Jun, ZHANG Zhenzhen, ZHOU Yazhen |
| Organization： | College of Chemistry, Biology and Material Science, East China University of Technology |
| Abstract： | This paper aims to explore the indicator effect of spiders and their insect prey on the stability of wetland ecosystem structure and energy-material cycle, and provides reference for the protection and utilization of biodiversity in the Poyang Lake Nanji Wetland National Nature Reserve. Under the principle of landscape ecology, ecological quantitative investigation and diversity analysis methods such as community sample site setting and observation were adopted for associated specimen collection and identification. We collected a total of 73 species of spiders in 16 families and 50 genera, and find some results: 1) The community structure and function analysis show that the Nanji shrub provides shelter for spider breeding and acts as a storehouse, the Nanji meadow is a platform for spider actual combat and evolution of their feeding behavior, and the Nanji forest is a pedal of limited time convergence and timely flight for all kinds of spiders. In spring and summer, aquatic or habitat insects in the Nanji meadow are the main preferred prey or potential prey of spiders, and in autumn and winter, the Nanji shrub becomes the gathering place or shelter for uncommon insects; They dominate the height of richness, dominance, diversity and evenness of the spiders and their insect prey respectively. 2) The cluster analysis shows that the frequency and continuity of communication among each spider communities in Nanji Wetland are limited by regional heterogeneity and spatial distance, and the cohesion and divergence function of community types are stable; The frequency and continuity of communication among each insect prey communities are affected by time domain homogeneity and seasonal phenology, and the edge difference of community types and patch function are stable. 3) The correlation analysis suggests that the diversity indices of spiders and their insect prey communities are correlated in spring and summer, autumn and winter, and in general. Some spatiotemporal indices are intercorrelated. Changes in phenological conditions such as geographical or seasonal temperature and humidity are their main driving force. Spiders and insects are two important intermediate links in the food chain, which together maintain the operation and balance of the Nanji Wetland ecosystems. |
| Key words： | zoology; the Nanji Wetland; spider; insect prey; diversity; seasonal change; community function |
| 发表期数： | 2024年3月第1期 |
| 引用格式： | 陈连水，袁凤辉，饶军，等. 鄱阳湖南矶湿地蜘蛛及其昆虫猎物多样性季节变化与群落功能分析[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文，2024，17（1）：10-24. |
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