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提高多年生根茎型禾草(羊草)种子产量方法的研究

发表时间:2009-04-15  浏览量:2244  下载量:972
全部作者: 王俊锋,穆春生,高嵩,张继涛,于辉
作者单位: 东北师范大学草地科学研究所,植被生态科学教育部重点实验室
摘 要: 在利用并分析4个连续年份的温度、降水数据的同时,采用随机区组-裂区设计进行施氮处理,目的是寻求一种有效的提高羊草(Leymus chinensis)种子产量的方法。结果表明:抽穗率和单位面积抽穗数量与当年是否施用氮肥无关,它只受到年份的影响,前一年秋季8月至9月(果后营养期)的降雨量与第二年抽穗数量之间存在着明显的线性关系,当降雨量增加0.4倍时,抽穗数可增加3.5倍。孕穗前期施用较高水平的氮肥,可更显著地提高当年的结实率、每穗结实粒数和千粒重。在产量构成因子对种子产量的贡献中,抽穗数最大,每穗结实粒数次之,千粒重最小,抽穗数量是决定种子产量高低的关键因子。上述结果说明:羊草种子产量构成因子是由2个年度决定的,为提高当年的种子产量,可用调控水肥措施的方法,首先在上一年秋季处理以提高穗数,其次在当年春季(孕穗前期)处理以提高结实粒数。
关 键 词: 草原学;羊草;施氮时间与水平;年度降雨量;产量构成关键因子;种子产量
Title: The method to improve the seed yield of Leymus chinensis, a perennial rhizomatous herbage
Author: WANG Junfeng, MU Chunsheng, GAO Song, ZHANG Jitao, YU Hui
Organization: Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University
Abstract: The purpose of this experiment is to put forward an effective method controlling the water and nitrogen to improve the seed yield. The experimental design of Nitrogen application was a randomized complete block design with a split plot. Experiments were conducted in four successive years from 2005 to 2008. The results showed that the heading percentage (HP) and the number of reproductive shoot per m2 (NRSS) were influenced by main factor year (Y) only; and a close correlation existed between the rainfall of post-fruit stage in last growing season and NRSS, which increased by 3.5 times when rainfall increased by 0.4 times. By contrast with the CK, the SSP, AGS and TGW had increased significantly when higher level N was applied at early booting stage (P<0.05). Among yield components, the contribution of NRS to SY is the most, AGS is the mediate, and TGW is the least. The NRS is key limiting component to improve the seed yield. These suggest that the yield components were determined by two critical stages, which are post-fruit stage in the last year and pre-booting stage in the heading year. Aiming to improve the seed yield, we should adopt methods of watering or applying N at post-fruit stage in the last growing season firstly, and then applying N or watering at early booting stage in the heading year.
Key words: grassland science; Leymus chinensis; nitrogen application time and level; annual rainfall; yield components; seed yield
发表期数: 2009年4月第7期
引用格式: 王俊锋,穆春生,高嵩,等. 提高多年生根茎型禾草(羊草)种子产量方法的研究[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文,2009,2(7):707-713.
 
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