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高大空间火灾探测系统综合集成实验研究

发表时间:2009-06-30  浏览量:2483  下载量:1202
全部作者: 方俊,涂然,梅志斌,刘凯,张永明
作者单位: 中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室;公安部沈阳消防研究所
摘 要: 在高大空间火灾实验厅,采用各种国家标准试验火,利用多种火灾探测器在不同高度、多层集中布置,对火灾探测器在不同火灾条件与干扰环境下的响应进行研究。实验发现:多层同一位置线型与光截面感烟探测器对阴燃火烟气从低到高依次响应,而对明火烟气响应顺序相反,同时光截面采用光束交错布置,漏报率较低;开窗通风对烟气高度与宽度产生很大影响,决定光束型感烟探测器的布置高度与间距;吸气式感烟探测器比光束型感烟探测器响应慢,但极少漏报;墙壁火比中心火烟气上升速度快,从而减少光束型与吸气式感烟探测的响应时间;图像型火焰探测器比红外双波长型对火源与探测器间的距离更为敏感。同时结合烟羽流理论与探测器响应模型,分析解释了实验现象。
关 键 词: 安全工程;火灾安全;高大空间;火灾探测;烟气羽流;系统集成
Title: Experimental study of integration of fire detection systems in a large high volume space
Author: FANG Jun, TU Ran, MEI Zhibin, LIU Kai, ZHANG Yongming
Organization: State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China;Shenyang Fire Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security
Abstract: In a large volume space, several fire detection systems are arranged in multi layers with different heights to investigate the responses to standard fires under different fire situations and disturbance conditions. The experiments show that beam type and light section image smoke detectors at the different heights with the same spacing respond to the smoldering fire smoke from the lowest position to the highest position in sequence, while for flaming fire, the sequence is opposite, and light section image smoke detector responds with low missing alarms for its overlapping beams; open window ventilation has a significant effect on the heights and widths of the fire smoke plumes, which determines the location height and spacing of beam smoke detectors; aspiration smoke detectors respond to fire smoke slowly but without missing alarms; wall fire rises more quickly than center fire reducing the detection time of beam type and aspiration smoke detectors; image flame detector is more sensitive to the distance between detector and fire source than radiation energy detector. Smoke plume and detector modeling theories are introduced to interpret the experimental results.
Key words: safety engineering; fire safety; large and high space; fire detection; smoke plume; integration of systems
发表期数: 2009年6月第12期
引用格式: 方俊,涂然,梅志斌,等. 高大空间火灾探测系统综合集成实验研究[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文,2009,2(12):1262-1269.
 
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