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西北少数民族地区生态足迹的动态分析——以新疆维吾尔自治区为例

发表时间:2009-12-31  浏览量:2053  下载量:539
全部作者: 杨静,陈兴鹏,张子龙,郭晓佳,薛冰
作者单位: 兰州大学资源环境学院;兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室
摘 要: 采用生态足迹分析方法,对新疆1985年至2005年间的生态足迹及其结构和生态承载力进行分析,并对各类生物生产性土地足迹与人均国内生产总值(gross domestic product,GDP)进行了相关性分析。基于此,分析了经济增长与环境压力关系的发展态势,结果表明:1) 全疆人均生态足迹需求从1985年的1.661 3 hm2上升到2005年的4.644 5 hm2,人均生态承载力由1.541 8 hm2降低到1.506 0 hm2,人均生态赤字从0.119 5 hm2增加到了3.138 5 hm2,赤字增长了25倍,表明新疆的可持续发展面临严峻考验;2) 研究期间生态足迹构成发生了变化:耕地、草地、化石燃料用地生态足迹比例表现为下降,林地、水域、建筑用地需求比例表现为上升,化石燃料用地需求比例仍然处于最高位;3) 与人均GDP相关系数较高的三项生物生产性土地足迹依次为人均草地足迹、人均化石燃料足迹和人均耕地足迹,表明新疆经济增长主要依靠畜牧业、重化工行业和种植业;4) 新疆地区的经济增长方式是环境胁迫型,经济发展正在远离可持续发展方向。
关 键 词: 生态经济学;生态足迹;系统状态;相关分析;环境胁迫型
Title: Dynamic analysis of the ecological footprint of northwest ethnic minority region: a case study on Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
Author: YANG Jing, CHEN Xingpeng, ZHANG Zilong, GUO Xiaojia, XUE Bing
Organization: College of Earth and Environmental Science, Lanzhou University;Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), Lanzhou University
Abstract: The theories and the calculation methods of ecological footprints were used to analyze the structure of ecological footprint and ecological capacity, of Xinjiang during 1985~2005. And then a model was established to analyze the relationship between every kind of productive and ecological land area and GDP per capita. Based on this, the paper analyzed the development trend of the relationship between economic growth and environmental pressures. The results showed that: 1) The per capita ecological footprint of Xinjiang was constantly increasing, rising from 1.661 3 hm2 in 1998 to 4.644 5 hm2 in 2005, but the per capita ecological capacity was decreasing from 1.541 8 hm2 to 1.506 0 hm2. So the ecological deficit increased year by year. The deficit of 2005 was 25 times as many as 1983; 2) During the study period, the ecological footprint structure had changed. The proportion of the demands for farm land, grassland and fossil energy land decreased; the proportion of the demands of forest land, water area and building land increased, and the proportion of the demand of the fossil energy land was still the largest; 3) Xinjiang’s economic development relies mainly on animal husbandry, heavy chemical industry and agriculture; 4) Xinjiang’s economic growth mode is environmentally threatening. The development of Xinjiang is pushed into an unsustainable state.
Key words: ecological economy; ecological footprint; system status; correlation analysis; environmentally threatening
发表期数: 2009年12月第24期
引用格式: 杨静,陈兴鹏,张子龙,等. 西北少数民族地区生态足迹的动态分析——以新疆维吾尔自治区为例[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文,2009,2(24):2619-2625.
 
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