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快速城市化下银川城市热环境景观格局演变研究

发表时间:2014-11-15  浏览量:1855  下载量:750
全部作者: 王鹏龙,李恒吉,鲁景亮
作者单位: 中国科学院兰州文献情报中心,中国科学院资源环境科学信息中心
摘 要: 基于1989年至2011年的3景Landsat ETM+/TM影像,以单窗算法反演了银川市的地表温度(land surface temperature,LST)。在此基础上,利用景观格局指数分析了银川市近20年城市热环境景观格局随城市化的演变和分布特征。结果表明:1) 随城市化发展,总体上各建城区在热环境景观上连为一片,由于合理规划,主城区中心出现了低等级的绿岛和弱热岛斑块,使得城区的生态环境得到改善。2) 在类型水平上,低等级的绿岛和高等级强热岛、极强热岛的面积均有所减少,热环境景观向中等热岛和弱热岛发展。斑块密度(patch density,PD)和边缘密度(edge density,ED)趋势相似,并印证了聚集度指数(aggregation index,AI)的变化。各类热环境景观斑块基本上在2000年之前趋于破碎化,2000年之后趋于聚集,斑块形状趋于规则化。3) 在景观水平上,2000年是热环境景观格局的转折点,经历了2000年的破碎化后,逐渐趋于聚集,斑块的形状亦趋于规则化,景观面积在各类斑块间的分配趋向均匀。4) 在景观斑块的转化方面,绿岛是最稳定的热环境景观类型。低等级景观类型和高等级景观类型两者内部较容易转化,但两者之间难转化。中等热岛较易转化为低等级景观类型和高一级景观类型。
关 键 词: 地理学;ETM+/TM;单窗算法;斑块演变
Title: Urban thermal landscape pattern variation under rapid urbanization in Yinchuan city
Author: WANG Penglong, LI Hengji, LU Jingliang
Organization: Lanzhou Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Information Center for Resources and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Abstract: Based on 3 Landsat ETM+/TM images of Yinchuan city from 1989 to 2011, this paper retrieved land surface temperature (LST) by Qin’s mono-window algorithm, and on above basis, landscape metrics were utilized here to analyze the evolution and spatial distribution of urban thermal landscape pattern of Yinchuan city under rapid urbanization in last 20 years. The results showed that: 1) With the development of urbanization, urban thermal landscape pattern of all built districts jointed as a whole. Because of rational urban planning, there existed low-grade thermal landscape patches, cool island and weak heat island, in the centre of main built district, which improved the ecological environment of built district. 2) At class level, the low-grade thermal patches (cool island) and high-grade thermal patches (strong heat island and the strongest heat island) had area reduction, and urban thermal landscape pattern had a tendency to change into moderate heat island and weak heat island. Change of patch density (PD) and edge density (ED) had a similar trend, which verified the change of the aggregation index (AI). All thermal patch types mainly tended to be more fragmented before 2000, more aggregated after 2000, and patches shape tended to be simplified. 3) At the landscape level, urban thermal landscape pattern saw a turning point in 2000, it became more aggregated and patches shape tended to be simplified after undergoing fragment in 2000. Each grade of urban thermal landscape became even-distributed. 4) In the aspect of thermal patches transition, under the influence of human intervention, cool island was the most stable urban thermal patches. The low-grade thermal patches were easy to transfer among themselves, but they were difficult to transfer to high-grade thermal patches. Moderate heat island was easy to transfer to the low-grade thermal patches or higher level thermal patches. The high-grade thermal patches were easy to transfer among themselves, but they were difficult to transfer to low-grade thermal patches.
Key words: geography; ETM+/TM; mono-window algorithm; thermal patches variation
发表期数: 2014年11月第21期
引用格式: 王鹏龙,李恒吉,鲁景亮. 快速城市化下银川城市热环境景观格局演变研究[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文,2014,7(21):2165-2175.
 
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