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基于DPSIR模型的天津海岸带生态环境安全变化趋势分析
发表时间：2015-12-31 浏览量：2330 下载量：824
| 全部作者： | 邵超峰，关杨，刘灿 |
| 作者单位： | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院 |
| 摘 要： | 充分考虑海岸带生态环境风险的形成机制和生态环境保护的要求，采用“驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应（driving force-pressure-state-impact-response，DPSIR）”模型框架，建立由26个指标构成的一套度量海岸带生态安全水平的指标体系和评价模型。研究结果表明，天津海岸带生态环境安全水平整体上呈现下降趋势，海岸带生态环境安全值（E）由2005年的0.749 1（处于良好状态）下降至2010年的0.277 3（处于较差状态）。近海海域利用强度的加大、人口的增多和入海污染物排放量的增加是引起近海生态系统环境恶化的客观原因。当前所采取的污染治理、监督监测体系、应急管理机制等海洋生态保护行动不足以抵消驱动力和压力的变化对海洋生态系统的影响，需要通过建立陆海统筹的一体化管理体系和生态补偿机制，开展海洋工程生态损害补偿和海岸带修复，推进产业优化升级等手段提升近海生态系统安全水平。 |
| 关 键 词： | 环境管理学；“驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应”模型；生态环境安全；评价指标体系；环境管理；天津 |
| Title： | Trends analysis of ecological environment security based on DPSIR model in the coastal zone of Tianjin |
| Author： | SHAO Chaofeng, GUAN Yang, LIU Can |
| Organization： | College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University |
| Abstract： | With taking full account of the formation mechanism of environment risks and the requirements of the ecological environment protection of the coastal ecological, through “driving force-pressure- state-impact-response (DPSIR)” model framework, this paper selected 26 indicators as the systematical index system for coastal ecological security level measurement, and established a comprehensive evaluation model. The research results show that the security level of Tianjin coastal ecological environment show a overall downward trend, coastal ecological environment security value (E) has fallen from 0.749 1 in 2005 (in good condition) to 0.277 3 in 2010 (in a poor state). The increasing using intensity of coastal areas, the growing population and the growth of pollutants that emitted into the sea are objective reasons leading to environmental degradation of coastal ecosystems. At present, the marine ecosystem conservation actions include pollution control, monitoring and surveillance system, emergency management mechanism are not enough to offset the impact of the driving force and pressure changes to the marine ecosystem. It’s necessary to establish coordinated integration management system of land and sea and ecological compensation mechanism, carry out ecological damage compensation and coastal marine repairing engineering and promote industrial upgrading to enhance the security level of the coastal ecosystems. |
| Key words： | environmental management; driving force-pressure-state-impact-response model; ecological security assessment; evaluation index system; environmental management; Tianjin |
| 发表期数： | 2015年12月第24期 |
| 引用格式： | 邵超峰，关杨，刘灿. 基于DPSIR模型的天津海岸带生态环境安全变化趋势分析[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文，2015，8（24）：2550-2560. |
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