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基于GIS 的高原地区农村居民点分布特征研究

发表时间:2016-03-31  浏览量:1807  下载量:510
全部作者: 瞿丽,过仲阳
作者单位: 华东师范大学地理科学学院
摘 要: 以第一次国情普查数据为基础,结合数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM)数据,采用地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)空间分析技术、Voronoi 图集理论及景观格局指数相结合的分析方法,研究典型高原地区云南省大姚县农村居民点的空间分布特征与景观布局特点。分析结果表明:大姚县全县农村居民点Voronoi 图的变异系数CV 值为94.53%,表现为集聚分布;全县有8 个乡镇的CV 值大于全县的CV 值,显示出高集群特征。2~5 级地形位是大姚县农村居民点分布的优势区间,在3、4 级地形位上分布 优势表现更为明显,从第5 级地形位起,随着地形位的增加,农村居民点的优势度降低,农村居民点的面积和斑块数目随地形位的增加而减小,但斑块相对变化不大,斑块规模均较小,斑块形状呈不规则性。此次研究分析了大姚县的农村居民点的布局特点和原因,对农村居民点规划和建设提供了重要依据。
关 键 词: 地图学;地理信息系统;农村居民点;Voronoi 图;地形位指数
Title: Research on spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in plateau area based on GIS
Author: QU Li, GUO Zhongyang
Organization: School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University
Abstract: Based on the the first national census data, comibined with digital elevation model (DEM), geographic information system (GIS) spatial analysis technology, Voronoi diagrams theory, and the landscape pattern index analysis method, this paper studies spatial distribution characteristics, landscape layout characteristics of Dayao county which is a typical plateau area. The analysis results show that CV value of rural settlements in Dayao county is 94.53%, which demonstrates the distribution of rural settlements in Dayao county is in cluster. All of 8 towns’ CV values are greater than the Dayao’s CV value, showing high cluster characteristics. In Dayao county, level 2-5 terrain is the advantage distribution range of rural settlements, the level of terrain is at 3 and 4, a distribution of superior performance is more apparent. Since terrain at level 5, with the increasing of terrain, the area of rural settlements and the number of patches decrease, but average patch fractal dimension has little change, the sizes of patches are small and patches’ shapes are irregular. This study shows the layout characteristics of rural settlements in Dayao and their related reasons, which can provide scientific basis for rural residential planning and construction.
Key words: cartography; geographic information system; rural settlements; Voronoi diagram; terrain niche index
发表期数: 2016年3月第6期
引用格式: 瞿丽,过仲阳. 基于GIS 的高原地区农村居民点分布特征研究[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文,2016,9(6):602-607.
 
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